This chapter traces how sexuality moved from ecclesiastical control to psychological, medical, and sociopolitical inquiry, and situates Gestalt therapy within that evolution. It reviews psychoanalysis’ pivotal role—especially Freud’s reframing of libido and “perversion” as universal—then highlights Reich’s heretical expansion of sexuality into a force with social and liberatory power. Against this backdrop, Gestalt therapy recasts sexuality and aggression as complementary life processes: aggression (including its destructive aspect) is a necessary function for transformation and assimilation, not a death drive. The cultural ferment of the 1960s—“free love,” protest, and challenges to authority—models this complementarity, exemplified by the famous Perls–Gloria session, where confrontational authenticity seeks encounter rather than domination. The chapter argues that the “sexual revolution” remains unfinished and proposes a program for contemporary practice: remove sexuality from moralistic control and treat it as a self-regulating relational dynamic grounded in equal power and self-determination; advance a rigorous critique of patriarchy and dominance cultures that criminalize sexuality and conflate risks with moral panic; distinguish irresponsible from criminal conduct; and study, with clinical curiosity, the diverse expressions of sexual pleasure and love that arise within responsible relations. The aim is a field-based sexology that honors complexity across social, psychological, physiological, historical, and anthropological dimensions while sustaining Gestalt’s holistic view.